Role of Maternal Factors in Low Birth Weight

Peran Faktor Ibu dalam Kejadian Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah

  • Gita S. Candijaya Faculty of Medicine and Science Universitas Katolik Atma Jaya Jakarta
  • Edihan Mardjuki School of Medicine and Health Sciences Atma Jaya Catholics University of Indonesia
  • Edward Surjono School of Medicine and Health Sciences Atma Jaya Catholics University of Indonesia

Abstract

Objective : To determine the correlation between body mass index, age, parity, gestational weight gain and low birth weight at Atma Jaya Hospital in 2016-2019.
Methods : This was a cross-sectional study of 111 sample medical records of pregnant women who gave birth at Atma Jaya Hospital in 2016-2019 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data management was performed using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression test.
Results: Most of the mothers were in the group with normal BMI (60.4%), the G1 age group (21-29 years old) (45.9%), the low multiparity group (parity 1-3 times) (57.7%).  The analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between parity group grand multipara (p=0.028; OR=5.206; 95% CI=1.195-22.686) with the incidence of LBW. There was no significant relationship between BMI group lean (p=0.303; OR=1.646; 95% CI=0.638-4.246), group normal (p=0.532), group fat (p=0.440; OR=1.957; 95% CI=0.357-10.737), maternal age group G1 (p=0.141), group G2 (p=0.587; OR=1.327; 95% CI=0.478-3.687), group G3 (p=0.111; OR=0.262; 95% CI=0.050-1.360), parity group nulliparity (p=0.494; OR=0.669; 95% CI=0.212-2.117), group low multiparity (p=0.051), and gestational weight gain group low (p=0.955; OR=1.028; 95% CI=0.396-2.667), group normal (p=0.986), group high (p=0.897; OR=0.917; 95% CI=0.245-3.424) with the incidence of LBW.
Conclusion : There is a significant relationship between parity with the incidence of low birth weight. There is no relationship between body mass index, age, and gestational weight gain with the incidence of low birth weight.
Keywords: age, BMI,  gestational weight gain, LBW, parity.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan: Mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh, usia, paritas, dan pertambahan berat badan ibu hamil terhadap kejadian berat bayi rendah di Rumah Sakit Atma Jaya tahun 2016-2019.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik potong lintang dengan menggunakan rekam medis sebanyak 111 sampel ibu hamil yang melangsungkan persalinan di RS Atma Jaya pada tahun 2016-2019 dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengelolaan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Chi-square dan uji regresi logistik multivariat.
Hasil : Didapatkan sebagian besar ibu berada pada kelompok dengan indeks massa tubuh normal (60,4%), kelompok usia G1 (21-29 tahun) (45,9%), kelompok paritas low multiparity (paritas 1-3 kali) (57,7%),  dan kelompok pertambahan berat badan normal (47,7%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara paritas kelompok grand multipara (p=0,028; OR=5,206; 95% CI=1,195-22,686) terhadap kejadian BBLR. Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara indeks massa tubuh kelompok kurus (p=0,303; OR=1,646; 95% CI=0,638-4,246), kelompok normal (p=0,532), kelompok gemuk (p=0, 440; OR=1, 957; 95% CI=0, 357-10.737), usia ibu hamil kelompok G1 (p=0,141), kelompok G2 (p=0,587; OR=1,327; 95% CI=0,478-3,687), usia kelompok G3 (p=0,111; OR=0,262; 95% CI=0, 050-1,360), paritas kelompok nulliparity (p=0,494; OR=0,669; 95% CI=0,212-2,117), kelompok low multiparity (p=0.051),  pertambahan berat badan ibu hamil kelompok kurang (p=0.955; OR=1.028; 95% CI=0.396-2.667), kelompok sesuai (p=0.986), dan kelompok lebih (p=0.897; OR=0.917; 95% CI=0.245-3.424) dengan kejadian BBLR.
Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara paritas dengan kejadian berat bayi lahir rendah. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh, usia, dan  pertambahan berat badan ibu hamil dengan kejadian berat bayi lahir rendah.
Kata kunci:   BBLR, IMT, paritas, pertambahan berat badan, usia.

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Author Biographies

Edihan Mardjuki, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Atma Jaya Catholics University of Indonesia

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,

Edward Surjono, School of Medicine and Health Sciences Atma Jaya Catholics University of Indonesia

Department of Pediatrics

Published
2021-10-29
Section
Research Article